Dans ce contexte, la réponse des interactions hôtes-parasites est très peu étudiée alors que ces interactions sont centrales pour comprendre la structure et la dynamique de la biodiversité. Our work brings evidence of how habitat reduction can affect host-parasite relationships, including infection with the pathogen responsible for hundreds of global species extinctions. We suggest that variations in potential host diversity, microclimate conditions, and host immune response may be responsible for the contrasting patterns found for micro-(Bd) and macroparasites (helminths, except Platyhelminthes). Load of monoxenous and heteroxenous helminths increased with forest cover. Bd presence and load increased with decreasing forest cover, but the opposite was observed for nematodes. We collected data on two stream frog species (Crossodactylus caramaschii and Crossodactylus schmidti) from nine sites in the Brazilian Atlantic forest, with forest cover ranging from 20% to 99%. Here, we tested whether forest cover has different effects on different frogs' parasites, as chytrid (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Bd) and helminths (Platy-helminthes and Nematoda). In this context, different parasites may have different demands and traits and may have specific responses to habitat degradation. While some parasites infect only one host, others require multiple hosts to complete their complex life cycles. Deforestation can compromise ecological processes and biotic interactions, including the host-parasite relationship.
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